Frost dates for Abilene, Texas
In Abilene, half of springs have had their last frost by March 20 (and 1 spring in 10 still has one after April 10), and half of falls have had their first frost by November 10, leaving about 236 frost-free days in a typical year. Here is how sure those dates are, what they mean for planting, and where they come from.
Frost dates for
Abilene, Texas
Last spring frost
March 20
Half of springs have their last frost by this date. For a safer bet, wait until April 10: only 1 spring in 10 has a frost after that.
First fall frost
November 10
Half of falls have their first frost by this date. In 1 fall in 10 it comes by October 28.
Growing season
236 days
Frost-free days in a typical year. 9 years in 10 get at least 209.
Hardiness zone
8a
2023 USDA map: the coldest night of winter averages 10°F to 15°F. It was 8a on the 2012 map too. All 2 ZIP codes within about 6 miles of the city's center are in zone 8a.
Print a year planner for Abilene
Frost risk through the year
How sure are these dates?
A frost date is a probability, not a promise. NOAA worked out, from 30 years of nightly lows, how often the last spring frost and the first fall frost fall on each date. The middle column is the typical year. The outer columns are the early and late years that come about once a decade.
| Early year 1 in 10 | Typical year 1 in 2 | Late year 1 in 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Last frost in spring | March 1 | March 20 | April 10 |
| First frost in fall | October 28 | November 10 | November 28 |
The frost-free season between them runs 236 days in a typical year. In 1 year in 10 it is 261 days or longer, and in 1 year in 10 it is 209 days or shorter.
- Hard freeze (28°F): typically last on March 6 and first on November 23. It is a harder freeze than the 32°F frost line, cold enough to damage many garden plants; how hardy a crop is decides whether it comes through. (The National Weather Service's own hard-freeze threshold varies from office to office.)
- Frost possible (36°F at the station): typically last on April 3 and first on November 1. On clear, still nights the ground can be several degrees colder than the thermometer, so frost can form on plants when the official reading is in the mid-30s.
In 8 springs out of 10, the last frost in Abilene comes between March 1 and April 10, a window of 40 days. That is wider than at most NOAA stations (the typical window is 31 days), so spring here is less predictable than average: lean toward the later date.
Among Texas's 387 NOAA stations with a frost every year, 44 percent have their typical last frost later than Abilene does.
Planting calendar for Abilene
These dates count from the typical last and first frosts, using the planting rules published by Colorado State University Extension (spring), Virginia Cooperative Extension (fall crops) and University of Minnesota Extension (garlic, where winters are hard). Weather in any one year can run early or late, so check the forecast before you plant tender crops.
| When | What to do | Why then |
|---|---|---|
| January | ||
| January 2 to 30 | Broccoli and cabbage Start seeds indoors | 5 to 7 weeks before planting them out |
| January 16 to February 13 | Cauliflower Start seeds indoors | 5 to 7 weeks before planting out |
| January 30 to February 20 | Eggplant Start seeds indoors | 6 to 9 weeks before planting out |
| February | ||
| February 6 to 20 | Peppers Start seeds indoors | 6 to 8 weeks before planting out |
| February 13 to 27 | Tomatoes Start seeds indoors | 5 to 7 weeks before planting out |
| February 20 to March 6 | Peas, spinach, lettuce, radishes, onion sets, turnips Sow outdoors, as early as | hardy crops: 2 to 4 weeks before the typical last frost |
| February 20 to March 6 | Broccoli and cabbage Plant out, as early as | hardy crops: 2 to 4 weeks before the typical last frost |
| March | ||
| March 6 to 20 | Beets, carrots, potatoes, Swiss chard Plant outdoors, as early as | semi-hardy crops: up to 2 weeks before the typical last frost |
| March 6 to 20 | Cauliflower Plant out, as early as | semi-hardy: up to 2 weeks before the typical last frost |
| March 20 | Snap beans, sweet corn, cucumbers, summer squash Sow outdoors around | tender crops: around the typical last frost date |
| April | ||
| April 3 | Tomatoes, peppers, eggplant Plant out from | very tender: 2 weeks or more after the typical last frost |
| April 3 | Melons, winter squash, pumpkins, lima beans Sow outdoors from | very tender: 2 weeks or more after the typical last frost |
| June | ||
| June 15 to 29 | Cabbage for fall Start seeds | set the plants out by August 3 |
| July | ||
| July 5 to 19 | Broccoli for fall Start seeds | set the plants out by August 23 |
| August | ||
| August 14 | Snap beans for fall Last date to sow | 60 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth, plus 2 weeks because frost kills it |
| August 18 | Carrots for fall Last date to sow | 70 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| August 19 | Cucumbers for fall Last date to sow | 55 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth, plus 2 weeks because frost kills it |
| August 23 | Peas for fall Last date to sow | 65 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| August 24 | Summer squash for fall Last date to sow | 50 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth, plus 2 weeks because frost kills it |
| August 28 | Leaf lettuce and beets for fall Last date to sow | 60 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| September | ||
| September 7 | Turnips and kohlrabi for fall Last date to sow | 50 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| September 17 | Spinach for fall Last date to sow | 40 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| September 27 | Radishes for fall Last date to sow | 30 days to harvest, plus 2 weeks for slower fall growth |
| October | ||
| October 28 | Tomatoes, peppers, squash, melons, cucumbers Watch the forecast from | in 1 fall in 10 the first frost comes by this date; pick tender crops before a frost |
| November | ||
| November 30 to December 7 | Garlic Plant cloves | one or two weeks after the typical first hard freeze (28°F), our reading of the first killing frost |
Want more insurance? Shift every spring date 21 days later. That plans around April 10, the date after which only 1 spring in 10 has a frost.
For spring bulbs such as tulips and daffodils, plant once the soil has cooled to about 50 to 55°F and keep going until a couple of weeks before the ground freezes. Our guide to fall planting explains how to tell.
Where these numbers come from
These dates come from NOAA's weather station Abilene Regional Airport (station USW00013962), 4 miles from the center of Abilene. It sits at about the same elevation, 1,790 feet above sea level. NOAA rates this station's record as standard: at least 24 of the 30 years, with gaps filled from nearby stations.
Our ZIP code lookup matches these 9 ZIP codes to the same station, so they get the same dates: 79508, 79536, 79563, 79601, 79602, 79605, 79606, 79607, 79699. Hardiness zones are worked out separately for each ZIP code.
The nearest other places with pages
- Fort Worth, Texas: last frost around March 11, first frost around November 19 (140 miles away)
- Midland, Texas: last frost around March 18, first frost around November 14 (140 miles away)
- Lubbock, Texas: last frost around April 4, first frost around November 2 (145 miles away)
See frost dates across Texas, or look up your own ZIP code for the station nearest you. Want the background? Read what a last frost date really means.