Last Frost Date

Planting planner: Birmingham, Alabama

Typical last spring frost March 21 (1 spring in 10 later than April 8). Typical first fall frost November 11 (1 fall in 10 earlier than October 30). Growing season about 236 days.

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Frost likely Frost possible Frost unlikely Frost is likely until February 28 and fades out by April 8. It is unlikely from then until October 30, and likely again after December 1. The dashed lines are the typical dates, March 21 and November 11.

January

  • January 3 to 31: Broccoli and cabbage (start seeds indoors)
  • January 17 to February 14: Cauliflower (start seeds indoors)
  • January 31 to February 21: Eggplant (start seeds indoors)

February

  • February 7 to 21: Peppers (start seeds indoors)
  • February 14 to 28: Tomatoes (start seeds indoors)
  • February 21 to March 7: Peas, spinach, lettuce, radishes, onion sets, turnips (sow outdoors)
  • February 21 to March 7: Broccoli and cabbage (plant out)

March

  • March 7 to 21: Beets, carrots, potatoes, Swiss chard (plant outdoors)
  • March 7 to 21: Cauliflower (plant out)
  • March 21: Snap beans, sweet corn, cucumbers, summer squash (sow outdoors)

April

  • April 4: Tomatoes, peppers, eggplant (plant out)
  • April 4: Melons, winter squash, pumpkins, lima beans (sow outdoors)

May

Nothing to start this month.

June

  • June 16 to 30: Cabbage for fall (start seeds)

July

  • July 6 to 20: Broccoli for fall (start seeds)

August

  • August 15: Snap beans for fall (last date to sow)
  • August 19: Carrots for fall (last date to sow)
  • August 20: Cucumbers for fall (last date to sow)
  • August 24: Peas for fall (last date to sow)
  • August 25: Summer squash for fall (last date to sow)
  • August 29: Leaf lettuce and beets for fall (last date to sow)

September

  • September 8: Turnips and kohlrabi for fall (last date to sow)
  • September 18: Spinach for fall (last date to sow)
  • September 28: Radishes for fall (last date to sow)

October

  • October 30: Tomatoes, peppers, squash, melons, cucumbers (watch the forecast)

November

Nothing to start this month.

December

  • December 1 to 8: Garlic (plant cloves)

Dates from NOAA's 1991 to 2020 climate normals for Birmingham Airport (station USW00013876), 4 miles from the center of Birmingham. Planting rules: Colorado State University Extension GardenNotes #720 (spring), Virginia Cooperative Extension 426-334 (fall crops), University of Minnesota Extension (garlic). Spring bulbs: plant when the soil has cooled to about 50 to 55°F, until a couple of weeks before the ground freezes (University of Wisconsin–Madison Extension). Full details: https://lastfrostdate.com/frost-dates/alabama/birmingham/

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